Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are among the most thoroughly tested and code-governed energy infrastructure deployed, and their safety record is improving dramatically as the technology matures.

BESS Adhere to a Rigorous Safety Framework

Every BESS installed in the United States must meet a layered stack of consensus-based, nationally recognized design, construction, and testing requirements for product safety, installation, and performance:

The Safety Record at a Glance
Most incidents that have occurred involved early-generation
systems built before modern standards existed. Facilities designed
and built to current codes perform markedly better. In 2025, the
instances of fire to GWh deployed reached an all-time low, falling
from over 1 in 2018 to just 0.03.

98%
Decline in BESS failure rate,
2018–2024 (EPRI, 2024)
25,000%+
Growth in U.S. battery storage
deployment over the same
period
Zero
Documented cases of air, soil, or
water contamination requiring
remediation across 35 major U.S.
BESS fires, 2012–2024 (Fire & Risk
Alliance for ACP, 2025)

Fire Department Perspectives are Integral

NFPA 855 requires facility owners to coordinate directly with the local Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) before a facility goes live, notify emergency responders of all training dates and locations, and keep emergency operations plans on-site and accessible to first responders at all times. Policymakers can help ensure this existing framework is consistently adopted and enforced.

Reactive Legislation is Counterproductive

Restricting BESS development risks halting the deployment of technology governed by rigorous,
continuously updated national standards—in response to incidents that, in most cases, involved older systems that predate those standards. At the same time, this jeopardizes a local community’s ability to achieve energy affordability, grid resilience and reliability goals.

POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
What Good Policy Looks Like
Adopting and enforcing the
2026 edition of NFPA 855
Requiring Hazard Mitigation
Analyses for all new facilities
`
Supporting AHJ coordination
with facility owners during pre-permit planning
Training public safety agencies
in BESS thermal event response
best practices
Michigan, Indiana, and New York have enacted NFPA 855-based requirements.
California's State Fire Marshal independently adopted the standard in March 2025.
This is the model: consistent, enforceable, evidence-based standards applied uniformly.

SEIA and its members are committed partners in advancing responsible deployment of this critical technology.